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Last week we received an enquiry about some laboratory analysis extremely unfavourable for the development of any crop. The analysis was dominated by brackish well water due to the proximity to the sea and extremely saline-sodic soils.
It begs the question of what is the impact of salinity in soils, and what are the appropriate ways to combat the problem. To do this, it is important to know which salts are problematic in our soil, it is necessary to carry out a standard water and soil analysis plus an extract of saturated paste.
The solubility of salts affects the ability of salts to precipitate and dissolve, directly affecting the salt concentration in the soil solution. The most soluble salts in general are chlorides and nitrates, and at the other extreme, the least soluble tend to be chlorides and nitrates. carbonates and sulphates.
| Solubilities in water of some salts at 20°C (g/l) | |
| CaCO3 | 0,01 |
| MgCO3 | 0,1 |
| CaSO4.2H2O | 2,40 |
| Na2CO3 | 71 |
| Na2SO4.7H20 | 195,00 |
| MgSO4 | 262 |
| Ca(HCO3)2 | 262 |
| KNO3 | 316 |
| NaCl | 360 |
| MgSO4.7H20 | 710 |
| NaNO3 | 921 |
| MgCl2.6H2O | 1.670,00 |
| CaCl2.6H2O | 2.790,00 |
The higher the number associated with each element, the higher the solubility. As can be seen in the table, the solubility of Na2CO3, the sodium carbonate, is higher.
The solubility of the most frequent elements is usually high enough to cause problems of phytotoxicity. It is therefore important to transport this salt to deeper horizons that are not sensitive to contamination. This is only possible with the more soluble elements, but the less soluble elements have great problems to be removed from the root profile. We have in the greenkeepedia an entry dedicated to how the salinity affects crop.
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Buy on AmazonTo keep the parameters under control it is very important to manage nutrition correctly.
| Mineral fertiliser | Wealth | Salinity index |
| (NO3Na = 100) | ||
| NITROGENATES | ||
| Ammonia | 82% N | 47.1 |
| Ammonium nitrate | 34% N | 104 |
| Ammonium sulphate | 21% N, 24% S | 68.3 |
| Urea | 46% N | 74.4 |
| Nitrogen solution 32% of N | 32% N | 70 |
| Calcium nitrate | 15.5% N | 52.5 |
| PHOSPHORIC | ||
| APP, 10% of N, 34% of P205 | 20 | |
| Diammonium phosphate-DAP | 18% N, 46% P2O5 | 29.2 |
| Monoammonium phosphate-MAP | 12% N, 61% P2O5 | 26.7 |
| POTASSIANS | ||
| Monopotassium phosphate | 52% P2O5, 35% K2O | 8.4 |
| Potassium chloride | 60% K2O | 116.3 |
| Potassium sulphate | 50% K2O, 18% S | 46.1 |
| Potassium nitrate | 13% N, 46% K2O | 73.6 |
| MAGNESICS | ||
| Magnesium sulphate | 16% Mg | 2 |
| Magnesium nitrate | 7%N, 15%Mg | 42.6 |
Not all fertilisers have the same salinity and in sensitive soils it may be better not to use the most saline fertilisers. In order to determine the salinity of soils, measuring instruments are the best ally. Both the instruments and the POGO o TDR can be allies for day-to-day life, but if the problems are very serious, dedicated instruments such as the salinity meter from Spectrum are the best choice due to their high accuracy. Ask us if you want to know more about the salinity of your soils.
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