Formulation of liquid crop protection products

The formulation of liquid crop protection products is composed of different ingredients, each with a different function. Let's take a look.

The main compound in a crop protection product is the active ingredient. It is this part that is responsible for controlling the pest. The liquids are diluted to facilitate their use with other compounds. These compounds are called inert ingredients and can be oils, solvents, water, wetting agents. They may change depending on the target application.

• Emulsifiable concentrates

The active ingredient is dissolved in oil and mixed with emulsifying agents so that it can be dissolved in water. When the solution is made, a uniform emulsion of oil and water is generated which can be sprayed homogeneously. It is necessary to keep the mixture stirred during application. This format is interesting due to the high concentrations of product that can be used, but the dosage must be respected to avoid damage to plant tissue. It is important to avoid contact with skin and eyes.

• Wettable powders and dispersible granules

Solid formulations allow for easy storage. The active material is mixed with fine clays or talcs. The bags of product are mixed with water and sprayed as an aerosol. There is no dissolution of the powder as such, but rather a mixture, which requires continuous agitation to avoid sedimentation in the tank and clogging of the pipes. A disadvantage of the product is that during the mixing process the dusts can be aspirated, so masks should be worn.

• Fluids

Fluid formats are also composed of solids that are mixed with liquid and emulsifier to obtain a homogeneous suspension. For their use they are mixed with water and require agitation although they rarely clog ducts due to the emulsification of the product.

• Soluble powders

This solution is similar in format to wettable powders, but its inert ingredients include completely water-soluble solvents. Storage is facilitated and no stirring is required.

• Low volume format

These modern solutions are highly concentrated and are used in very specific dilutions or in pure form. They require special equipment that allows very small doses per square metre to be applied.

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